What is the goal of tempering quenched steels?

The goal of tempering quenched steels is primarily to improve mechanical properties. When steel is quenched, it undergoes a rapid cooling process that transforms its structure into martensite, which is very hard but also quite brittle. Tempering is a heat treatment process where the quenched steel is reheated to a specific temperature and then allowed to cool, which helps to relieve internal stresses and reduce brittleness.

During tempering, certain transformations occur within the steel structure. This process can enhance toughness and ductility while still maintaining a sufficient level of hardness, depending on the specific tempering temperature used. The key is to achieve a balance between hardness and toughness—qualities that are essential for the steel to perform effectively in various applications. Thus, tempering plays a crucial role in ensuring that the steel exhibits desirable mechanical properties suitable for its intended use.